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DIAGNOSTICS OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
K131 K132
K133
K131
Thyroperoxidase autoantobodies (anti-TPO) EIA
Anti-TPO antibodies (formerly - thyroid microsomal antibodies) are directed
against a target protein -
thyroid peroxidase (TPO) - located in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of
thyroid cells. The presence
of anti-TPO antibodies in serum is associated with thyroid autoimmune diseases
(Graves’ disease and
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis). Anti-TPO antibodies mostly belong to the IgG class.
Low to moderate levels of serum anti-TPO antibodies can be found in some other
autoimmune
pathology (eg systemic lupus erythematosus or Sjogren syndrom) and, rarely, in
apparently healthy
subjects (especially elderly women). Anti-TPO antibodies are more sensitive in
diagnosis of thyroid
autoimmune diseases than anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies. However, in
some cases anti-TG
positive sera may be negative for anti-TPO. Therefore, combined determination of
both types of
anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO + anti-TG) provides a more sensitive
laboratory diagnostic tool
for thyroid autoimmunity.
Sample type: serum, plasma
Sensitivity: 5 IU/ml
Control sample: 1
Sample predilution: 1:101
Incubation: 30’/30’/15’, RT
Shelf life: 12 months
Sample volume: 100 μl
Calibrators: 5 (0-1000 IU/ml)
K132
Thyroglobulin autoantobodies (anti-TG) EIA
Thyroglobulin (TG) is a well known target for autoantibodies occurring in
thyroid autoimmunity
(Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis). Anti-TG antibodies mostly belong
to the IgG class.
Low to moderate levels of anti-TG antibodies can be found in sera of other
autoimmune patients (eg
systemic lupus erythematosus or Sjogren syndrom). In some cases anti-TG positive
sera may show
negativity for other type of anti-thyroid antibodies - anti-TPO. Therefore,
combined determination of
both types of anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO + anti-TG) provides most
sensitive laboratory diagnostic
tool for thyroid autoimmunity. Separately from autoimmunity, anti-TG antibodies
may develop in
patients suffering from thyroid cancer. High level of anti-TG in such patients
may interfere with correct
determination of serum thyroglobulin which serves as tumor marker for therapy
control in this group
of patients.
Sample type: serum, plasma
Sensitivity: 10 IU/ml
Control sample: 1
Sample predilution: 1:101
Incubation: 30’/30’/15’, RT
Shelf life: 12 months
Sample volume: 100 μl
Calibrators: 5 (0-3000 IU/ml)
K133
Myeloperoxidase autoantibodies (anti-MPO, p-ANCA) EIA
Antibodies to myeloperoxidase (AMPO) are one of the two main members of
anti-neutrophilic-cytoplasm
antibodies (ANCA). ANCA are directed towards cytoplasmic components of
neutrophilic granulocytes
and monocytes. The classical method for determination of ANCA is
immunofluorescense. Indirect
immunofluorescense (IF) reveal two main patterns: perinuclear (p-ANCA) type and
cytoplasmatic (c-ANCA)
type. The main antigen for p-ANCA is myeloperoxidase (MPO) while for c-ANCA the
main antigen is
proteinase 3 (PR3).
A similar fluorescent p-ANCA pattern may accompany the presence of
autoantibodies to other antigens
–e.g., elastase, catepsin G, lactoferrin and lysozyme. Besides,
indistinguishable from p-ANCA pattern
may be caused by different granulocyte specific antinuclear antibodies (GS-ANA)
with atypical pattern.
Therefore, an exact interpretation of IF patterns is difficult, and every
positive p-ANCA pattern should
be confirmed by EIA methods using purified antigens.
AMPO are mostly found in patients with eosinophilic vasculitides, including
Takayasu syndrom, Churg-
Strauss syndrom and periarteriitis nodosa (PAN). Combined positivity with
anti-PR3 is observed
in ca.70% of the patients with microscopic polyangiitis.
Sample type: serum, plasma
Incubation: 30’/30’/15’, RT
Control sample: 1
Sample volume: 100 μl
Calibrators: 6 (0-100 U/ml)
Shelf life: 12 months
Sensitivity: 3 U/ml
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